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РЕШУ ЦТ — английский язык
Вариант № 1472
1.  
i

Alex Morton is a talented writer who (1) ... a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester, and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, he was never without a book in his hands. He was a very keen reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed his talent for writing, too. After he left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he (2) ... a number of short stories, and his first novel (3) ... . Over the next few years he (4) ... non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they (5) ... in 1971. They have two children. He has always been a devoted husband and father. Alex Morton (6) ... over twenty books so far and his name has been on the best seller list more times than he can remember. However, the peak of his career was when he (7) ... the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) was led
2) has been led
3) has led
4) was leading
2.  
i

A few weeks ago I was at a friend's front door when her father walked across the lawn carrying some fruit in a bag. While I (1) ... for my friend to answer the door, I decided to make polite conversation with her father and said that soon he (2) ... the fruit of his labours. Instead of smiling, as he usually did, he looked at me rather angrily and explained that it was his fruit and not his neighbour's. He obviously thought I (3) ... him for running off with his neighbour's fruit. He had heard the word neighbour's, not labours and had been offended. Fortunately, the misunderstanding (4) ... up and he began Smiling. When I told my friend what (5) ..., she laughed. No harm had been done but I nearly regretted speaking to her father. From now on, I (6) ... it safe (не рис­ко­вать) and talk only about the weather in case there (7) ... a misunderstanding.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) is enjoying
2) will enjoy
3) enjoys
4) would be enjoying
3.  
i

I had heard about wilderness survival camps from some classmates who went to one last summer. They were very excited about their experience and I was very curious. So during last month's term break I decided to go to one. After everything I (1) ... I was really looking forward to it. On the first day our instructor reassured us that the woodland (2) ... us with almost everything we needed. We (3) ... how to find water, how to light a fire and how to build shelter with only branches and leaves. The water was easy to find, but the food was not. To my horror, I discovered that we had to find our own. This meant hunting. We (4) ... out in groups and managed to find some berries and mushrooms. One of the boys in the group was able to light a fire and we proceeded to prepare a meal. However, as we (5) ... the mushrooms, they (6) ... fire. I was able to save most of them, but they tasted strangel I realised by the second day in the camp that it is not easy to live without the things we (7) ... accustomed to in our everyday lives.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) showed
2) were showing
3) were shown
4) have been shown
4.  
i

The American bald eagle (1) ... off the endangered register in the next two years. More than 1,130 animals and plants (2) ... by the US Fish and Wildlife Service as endangered or threatened, making it illegal to kill or harm them. Until now, few species had been removed from the register and when they were it was usually because they (3) ... extinct. As America's national bird, the bald eagle has been protected in various ways since 1940. The eagle, that is not really bald but looks it because of the white feathers on its head, (4) ... only in North America. It (5) ... the centre of attention in the argument about the best way to protect endangered species. Most environmentalists agree that if the use of pesticides isn't reduced, it (6) ... the reproductive system of rare species. But fortunately, there are now more than 5,000 nesting pairs of the bald eagle in the continental US and the numbers (7) ... at 10 per cent a year.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) has found
2) is finding
3) is found
4) finds
5.  
i

As she rang the doorbell, Susan felt a mixture of fear and excitement. She (1) ... for this moment for a longtime yet she doubted if it was the right decision to go there and to ring the doorbell. She hoped no one (2) ... to open the door. Susan was only four when she (3) ... her father for the last time. Her mother (4) ... about him and about the reason why he had left them. Susan had seen a few pictures of her father but she had never known what to feel towards him. Susan didn't know what to expect from this meeting. She (5) ... her father for more than twenty years. She (6) ... she should leave when the door opened. Susan couldn't say anything but there was no need. A few seconds later thcy (7) ... in each other's arms and they stayed there for several long minutes.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) hadn’t seen
2) hasn't seen
3) wasn't seen
4) doesn't see
6.  
i

No criminal ever believes that he (1) ... but it seems that some are trying to make crime detection as easy as possible for the police. In Japan, a country which (2) ... famous for its peaceful citizens, one robber burst into a shop and demanded money. But as he (3) ... himself in the CCTV camera (си­сте­ма ви­део­на­блю­де­ния), he changed his mind and asked the shop workers to call the police. Everything had been going fine, he said later, until he realised he (4) ... to put on his mask. And have you heard about the two British men who tried to rob a shop? Unfortunately, they hadn't cut eyeholes in the woollen masks they (5) ... . While they were trying to find the counter, they bumped into each other and knocked each other unconscious. "Don't worry," said the owner when the men came round, "I (6) ... the police and they'll be here in a few minutes. Would you like a cup of tea while you (7) ...?"

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) already phone
2) an already phoned
3) have already phoned
4) had already phoned
7.  
i

Three years ago a bolt of lightning almost (1) ... Lyn Miller's house with her two children inside. "There was a huge rainstorm," she says, recalling the terrifying experience. "My brother and I were outside desperately working to stop floodwater from coming in the house. Suddenly I (2) ... to the ground by an enormous bang. When I (3) ... myself up, the roof and the entire upper storey of the house (4) ... . The door (5) ... by rubble (бу­лыж­ник), but we forced our way in and found the children, thankfully unharmed. Later I was told that to be struck by lightning is a chance in a million." In fact, it is calculated at one chance in 600,000. And if you (6) ... lightning, you'll be glad to know that a company in America (7) ... a hand-held lightning detector which can detect lightning up to 70 kms away.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) has been manufactured
2) were being manufactured
3) had manufactured
4) has manufactured
8.  
i

Personal space is the term that refers (1) ... the distance we like to keep between ourselves and other people. When someone we do not know well gets too close we usually begin to feel uncomfortable. Living in cities has made people develop new skills for dealing (2) ... situations where they are very close to strangers. Most people (3) ... crowded trains try not to look at strangers, they avoid (4) ... skin contact, and we apologise (5) ... people if our hands touch by (6) ... mistake. People use newspapers as (7) ... barrier between themselves and other people and if they still do not have a newspaper, they stare (8) ... the distance, making sure they are not looking into anyone‟s eyes.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вставь­те на место про­пус­ка (1) про­пу­щен­ное слово.

1) at
2) to
3) for
4) in
9.  
i

There are few people today who could exist without their mobile phones. However, the mobile phone has its drawbacks that people often forget (1) ... . Not all people know how to use a mobile phone (2) ... proper respect to the people around, so trying to sleep (3) ... a bus these days has become practically impossible. However, there is no denying that mobile phones have a number of advantages. Parents give their children more freedom if they take their phones with them when they go out. In addition, the mobile is (4) ... particularly effective tool (5) ... teenagers when they want to get home free of (6) ... charge, as all they have to do is dial their parents' number and the family 'taxi' will arrive at (7) ... arranged time. (8) ... balance, it seems that mobile phones have as many disadvantages as positive aspects.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) for
2) to
3) with
4) by
10.  
i

Recently, more and more students have started to take up (1) ... full-time paid work while they are still studying. This means that some of them end up actually leaving their degree courses because they see the advantages of having (2) ... stable income and feel that this is more useful than getting a degree. Earning a reasonable wage means that they are able to begin to pay (3) ... the debts they have run (4) ... while they were at college or university. Why do they have these debts? Sometimes it is because they are not good (5) ... managing their money and overspend (6) ... entertainment and clothes. Sometimes it is not their fault. Banks are keen to offer students credit cards and it is very easy to build up a big overdraft. And it is almost impossible (7) ... students to cover all the costs of (8) ... accommodation and other necessary expenses.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) out
2) in
3) up
4) off
11.  
i

How much sleep do we really need? This can vary quite a lot between individuals. However, it is widely believed that between
6—8 hours is healthy. What is particularly important is that this sleep happens (1) ... the right time; that it fits in with our body's natural rhythm. If you suffer (2) ... sleepiness during (3) ... day then you are probably not getting enough sleep when you most need it. Typical symptoms of a lack of sleep are (4) ... low concentration, poor memory and feeling irritable. Getting the right amount of sleep is not only important (5) ... terms of being able to function properly on a day to day basis but it also has (6) ... impact on your overall health. Research suggests that people who sleep between 6 to 7 hours per night are likely to live longer than those who sleep less than 6 or more than 8 hours per night. One reason (7) ... this is because of the effect sleep has (8) ... our immune system.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) a
2) an
3) the
4) -
12.  
i

Sally and James Parker from Manchester got married last year. They then left their five-year-old dog, Blackie, in a dogs' home while they went (1) ... their honeymoon to Venice. While they were away, Blackie escaped (2) ... the dogs' home. The dogs' home was not in Manchester but 500 miles away in Cornwall near to (3) ... town where James's parents lived. As soon as they got back from their honeymoon, James and Sally drove to Cornwall to look for Blackie. Unfortunately, they were out of (4) ... luck. However, they refused to give (5) ... . They drove to Cornwall every weekend for the next six months. By then the weekly drive had become so tiring that James sold his business and they moved to Cornwall.

Blackie has now been missing for fourteen months. Sally and James have seen her several times but they have not succeeded (6) ... catching her. James says that (7) ... problem is that Blackie is too nervous now to let anyone come (8) ... her.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) over
2) out
3) off
4) up
13.  
i

Recently, more and more students have started to take up (1) ... full-time paid work while they are still studying. This means that some of them end up actually leaving their degree courses because they see the advantages of having (2) ... stable income and feel that this is more useful than getting a degree. Earning a reasonable wage means that they are able to begin to pay (3) ... the debts they have run (4) ... while they were at college or university. Why do they have these debts? Sometimes it is because they are not good (5) ... managing their money and overspend (6) ... entertainment and clothes. Sometimes it is not their fault. Banks are keen to offer students credit cards and it is very easy to build up a big overdraft. And it is almost impossible (7) ... students to cover all the costs of (8) ... accommodation and other necessary expenses.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) for
2) on
3) at
4) over
14.  
i

At (1) ... early age Robert Burns, Scotland's greatest poet, had to help his father on his farm. When he was twenty-two, he went to Irvine, where he began to learn about making cloth. Shortly after his arrival, the factory in which he was training was destroyed (2) ... fire so he started (3) ... farm with his younger brother. While he was living on the farm, he concentrated (4) ... writing poems and fell for a local girl, Jean Armour. Robert wanted to marry her but her father would not allow him to do so, probably because he thought Burns was not wealthy enough. Her father's refusal took Robert (5) ... surprise and he decided to leave (6) ... country. Robert had to obtain the fare for the voyage by selling some poems. Just as he was about to leave he was given some advice  — to publish a new edition of the poems he had written. He received a large sum of money for the poetry and was able to get married (7) ... Jean Armour. During his marriage he continued to write the expressive poetry he became famous (8) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) with
2) in
3) at
4) to
15.  
i

Sally and James Parker from Manchester got married last year. They then left their five-year-old dog, Blackie, in a dogs' home while they went (1) ... their honeymoon to Venice. While they were away, Blackie escaped (2) ... the dogs' home. The dogs' home was not in Manchester but 500 miles away in Cornwall near to (3) ... town where James's parents lived. As soon as they got back from their honeymoon, James and Sally drove to Cornwall to look for Blackie. Unfortunately, they were out of (4) ... luck. However, they refused to give (5) ... . They drove to Cornwall every weekend for the next six months. By then the weekly drive had become so tiring that James sold his business and they moved to Cornwall.

Blackie has now been missing for fourteen months. Sally and James have seen her several times but they have not succeeded (6) ... catching her. James says that (7) ... problem is that Blackie is too nervous now to let anyone come (8) ... her.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (8).

1) on
2) near
3) down
4) up
16.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

I tried to make my voice sound ... when I answered the phone.

1) far more deeper
2) far deeper
3) much more deeper
4) far much deeper
17.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

He never stops ... me text messages, which is really annoying.

1) to send
2) sent
3) send
4) sending
18.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

The price for (1) the 60-acre estate (2) in Atlanta (3) is twenty-seven thousands dollars (4).

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
19.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

Nowadays, it is common (1) for young people (2) to continue to live with their parents (3) until their mid- or late-twenty's (4).

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
20.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

Each time (1) I enter a record store (2) I really don't know which (3) CD to buy as it is (4) so much to choose from.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
21.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

The police thinks(1) that more than(2) one person was(3) in the stolen car(4).

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
22.  
i

One of the most difficult but rewarding pastimes is mountain climbing. The modern climber must (1) ... many different skills. Rock climbing (2) ... a combination of gymnastic ability, imagination and observation, but perhaps the most necessary skill is being able to (3) ... out how much weight a particular rock will support. Mountaineers climb in groups of three or four, each climber at a distance of approximately six meters from the next. Usually one person climbs while the other climbers (4) ... hold of the rope. There is no (5) ... that the most experienced climber goes first. He shows the other climbers which (6) ... to go, making the rope secure so that it is (7) ... for the others to follow. With much mountain climbing, snow skills (8) ... a very important part. The number of dangers (9) ... by climbers is almost endless. And the (10) ... of oxygen at high altitudes makes life even more difficult fot mountaineers.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) own
2) hold
3) keep
4) possess
23.  
i

Whether you like it or not, celebrity gossip is hard to avoid. Newspapers, magazines and websites are (1) ... with photos of the stars. Celebrities, (2) ... the badly-behaved ones, regularly (3) ... enormous publicity in the media. It seems we're (4) ... by scandal, eager to know who is going out whom, and whose marriage has just fallen apart. Thanks to the public's (5) ... for gossip, a paparazzo can be (6) ... $500,000 for each 'exclusive' photo of stars like Britney Spears and Cristiano Ronaldo

Celebrities (7) ... that money-hungry reporters and photographers follow them everywhere they go, often (8) ... them serious troubles. In response, celebrity hunters argue that famous people shouldn't be so sensitive. They should accept their loss of privacy as the (9) ... of wealth and success. But have things gone too far? Do we really have a 'right to read about stars having a mental breakdown, or to see pictures of them looking completely devastated after they've (10) ... up with their husband or wife? There seems to be a fine line between curiosity and cruelty.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) peculiarly
2) especially
3) remarkably
4) extremely
24.  
i

According to the United Nations' population figures, the world's population will be (1) ... for 8.9 billion by the year 2050, (2) ... to 6.7 billion in 2009. This figure (3) ... into account that each woman on the planet will give birth to two children. Eight billion, nine hundred million people may sound like an astronomical figure, yet statistics (4) ... that, throughout the world, the number of children being born is (5) ... . The explanation (6) ... for this is the fact that women have become better educated and would rather (7) ... a career than enjoy motherhood. Therefore, they (8) ... bringing up many children and being out of work for long periods of time. All the same, the world's population will continue to increase in spite of the ageing population. This will happen because of an overall rise in life expectancy, especially in the developed countries. The main (9) ... for this is that many diseases which were fatal in the past, can be (10) ... nowadays.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) brings
2) gets
3) takes
4) gives
25.  
i

Roger Press, 40, has (1) ... his career. After spending five years as a concert pianist he has gone into business, recently (2) ... up his own company. „I have always thought that it‟s important to be commercial, to participate and compete in the modern world. So although moving on was a difficult decision, having (3) ... it I felt relieved in many ways. When I(4) ... up my performing career, people around me were more sad and disappointed than I was. But I felt free and at last I knew I was getting serious about life. After getting a qualification in business administration I (5) ... the recording company EMI and started producing programmes about famous artists. A year ago I left EMI and formed a new company, New Media Systems, which (6) ... in multimedia programmes. Now that I run my own business I am in control of my life and I can feel (7) ... of my achievements. Although the stress is high and I work (8) … hours, the stress (9) ... in piano playing was much worse. It (10) ... physical, emotional and mental skills. I prefer the pressures I live with now.'

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вставь­те на место про­пус­ка (3) про­пу­щен­ное слово.

1) held
2) entered
3) arrived
4) reached
26.  
i

One of the most difficult but rewarding pastimes is mountain climbing. The modern climber must (1) ... many different skills. Rock climbing (2) ... a combination of gymnastic ability, imagination and observation, but perhaps the most necessary skill is being able to (3) ... out how much weight a particular rock will support. Mountaineers climb in groups of three or four, each climber at a distance of approximately six meters from the next. Usually one person climbs while the other climbers (4) ... hold of the rope. There is no (5) ... that the most experienced climber goes first. He shows the other climbers which (6) ... to go, making the rope secure so that it is (7) ... for the others to follow. With much mountain climbing, snow skills (8) ... a very important part. The number of dangers (9) ... by climbers is almost endless. And the (10) ... of oxygen at high altitudes makes life even more difficult fot mountaineers.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) chance
2) sure
3) doubt
4) certain
27.  
i

Hollywood is associated with fame, fortune and glamour. Every year, thousands of young people (1) ... up there, hoping that a producer will spot them and think they have that special something that audiences want to see. Unfortunately, most of them are (2) ... on a journey that leads to disappointment. Take a (3) ... round Los Angeles and ask any waiter or waitress and they will tell you that they are only working there for the time being, until they get their break in films. A combination of failure and economic problems usually means that they eventually (4) ... up their minds to leave and return to the small town they came from, without having made their fortune.

Before you come to the (5) ... that a life in film is for you, ask yourself carefully if you are ready for that change of direction. You'll have to travel and live for a long time at your own (6) ..., working in jobs that provide you with a low (7) ..., with only the occasional glimpse of a star to (8) ... you where you want to be.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) voyage
2) cruise
3) tour
4) route
28.  
i

Whether you like it or not, celebrity gossip is hard to avoid. Newspapers, magazines and websites are (1) ... with photos of the stars. Celebrities, (2) ... the badly-behaved ones, regularly (3) ... enormous publicity in the media. It seems we're (4) ... by scandal, eager to know who is going out whom, and whose marriage has just fallen apart. Thanks to the public's (5) ... for gossip, a paparazzo can be (6) ... $500,000 for each 'exclusive' photo of stars like Britney Spears and Cristiano Ronaldo

Celebrities (7) ... that money-hungry reporters and photographers follow them everywhere they go, often (8) ... them serious troubles. In response, celebrity hunters argue that famous people shouldn't be so sensitive. They should accept their loss of privacy as the (9) ... of wealth and success. But have things gone too far? Do we really have a 'right to read about stars having a mental breakdown, or to see pictures of them looking completely devastated after they've (10) ... up with their husband or wife? There seems to be a fine line between curiosity and cruelty.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) blame
2) accuse
3) deny
4) complain
29.  
i

Until recently, vegetarianism was fairly uncommon in Britain, and it is still (1) ... strange by some. But since the 1960s its popularity has (2) ... greatly, to the extent that high street stores stock a huge (3) ... of products for vegetarians. The reasons people (4) ... for not eating meat are numerous. Perhaps most vegetarians do it for moral reasons, arguing that it is wrong to kill. The opposing point of (5) ... is that it is (6) ... for us to kill for food. Still, there are societies where eating meat is not allowed because it is against their religion. There are other good reasons to (7) ... up meat, one of which is the inefficiency of livestock farming. Although it is, in (8) ... cheaper to eat only vegetables, in practice vegetarianism is most popular in richer countries such as Germany and Britain, where many people exclude meat for health reasons. In these countries, at least, it (9) ... out to be a matter of (10) ... rather than necessity.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (8).

1) idea
2) matter
3) opinion
4) theory
30.  
i

If you happen to be walking in your local park tomorrow and you find a book with a label inside (1) ... Read and Release me," don't just treat it as a (2) ... . You've probably (3) ... across an example of bookcrossing, a book-sharing movement (4) ... in 2001 by American software developer Ron Hornbaker, whose aim is to "make the (5) ... world a library'. Bookcrossers "release' books either by (6) ... them on to friends, or by leaving them in public places for others to (7) ... up, or 'catch', and then read, before they in (8) ... release them back "into the wild". Over half a million people worldwide take (9) ... in bookcrossing, "releasing books in cafés, airports, bus stations, telephone boxes. Often a book is left in a place which is associated with its (10) ... or content: Agatha Christie's Murder on the Orient Express on a train, for example, or an archeology book in a museum.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (9).

1) place
2) part
3) care
4) role
31.  
i

A soda drink with a turkey and gravy flavour that is (1) ... as undrinkable by its manufacturers is selling extraordinarily well. Unexpectedly large quantities of bottles have been sold in the United States where they are preparing to (2) ... Thanksgiving later this week. A company in Seattle which (3) ... in unusual flavours put 6,000 bottles on (4) ... last week at 99 cents each. They sold out within hours. Yesterday bidding (став­ки) on the eBay online auction site (5) ... more than 60 dollars a bottle. The nastiness of Turkey and Gravy Soda appears to be its biggest selling point. It (6) ... the perfect joke gift to take home to Mum or a younger brother or sister. At Thanksgiving families traditionally (7) ... a long weekend together. One newspaper reporter who (8) ... the drink said that, at first sip, it tasted of sweet caramel and savoury butter and it got worse from there. Curiously, the drink is (9) ... for vegetarians. Peter Van Stolk who (10) ... the company which makes the drink called his product 'gross'.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (10).

1) runs
2) governs
3) employs
4) rules
32.  
i

Вы­бе­ри­те от­вет­ную ре­пли­ку, под­хо­дя­щую по смыс­лу к пред­ло­жен­ной ре­пли­ке-сти­му­лу.

 

Will you let me handle it my way?

1) Oh, nothing much.
2) I'd rather not.
3) The pleasure is all mine.
4) Nothing at all.
33.  
i

Вы­бе­ри­те ре­пли­ку-сти­мул, под­хо­дя­щую по смыс­лу к пред­ло­жен­ной от­вет­ной ре­пли­ке.

 

Well, couldn't be better.

1) Have you got any plans for the holidays?
2) How did the trip go?
3) I couldn't find a better job.
4) They say it was their worst holiday.
34.  
i

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между ре­пли­ка­ми-сти­му­ла­ми и от­вет­ны­ми ре­пли­ка­ми. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

РЕ­ПЛИ­КИ-СТИ­МУ­ЛЫ ОТ­ВЕТ­НЫЕ РЕ­ПЛИ­КИ

1  — We aren't having a holiday this year.

2  — I simply can't stand the sight of him.

3  — I'm starving.

4  — I'm sorry to say, but we haven't come to any decision yet.

A  — Let's have a break then.

B  — How come? Can't you afford it?

C  — What a pity!

D  — We must admit, we can't either.

E  — Please go on  — I didn't mean to interrupt you.

1) 1E2C3B4D
2) 1C2E3A4B
3) 1A2B3C4E
4) 1B2D3A4C
35.  
i

Рас­по­ло­жи­те ре­пли­ки так, чтобы по­лу­чил­ся связ­ный диа­лог. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

A.  Oh, no! Can't you tell her?

B.  Jamie, are you ready for Angie's party? You should be looking forward to it!

C.  Oh, Jamiel You shouldn't be so shy. You should meet some new people  — you know, try to be more sociable.

D.  But I hate talking to strangers. I'd rather stay intonight, have a cup of tea and watch TV.

E.  Why? I don't know any of Angie's friends.

F.  That's fine by me, but you must call Angie and tell her.

1) BAECFD
2) BECDFA
3) BFCEDA
4) BEACDF
36.  
i

§ 1. My trip around Italy gave me the chance to try some of its regional cuisine. It was such a whirlwind that it is sometimes hard to separate one place from another in my mind. My time in Bologna, however, is perfectly imprinted in my memory. There, I had a lunch date to eat the most famous of Italian exports  — spaghetti Bolognese!

§ 2. My friend Marco had invited me to Bologna. He always said one day I should visit his home city and eat the well-known Bolognese dish, but, he added, "as you've never tasted it before." I had no idea what he meant, but about one thing I was sure; I had read in my guidebook that the Bolognese sauce, which includes beef, onions, carrot, celery, tomato paste, meat, milk, salt and pepper, dates back to the 5th century!

§ 3. After my train pulled into Bologna station, I wandered towards the famous Piazza Maggiore, the very heart of the city. Passing by a shoe shop window display, a pair of elegant shoes caught my eye immediately. "I must try those on," I thought. Upon entering the shop, an assistant stepped forward to greet me. I began my request in faltering Italian, but the assistant smiled and quickly replied, "I speak English, how can I help you?" "Thank you," I said, "I'd like to try on a pair of shoes in the window." The shop assistant said, "Well, of course, you can try them on in the window, but everyone in the street will be able to see you!" I realised she had taken my words very literally! I Smiled, "Sorry, I meant the shoes I'd like to try on are in the window display, but I'll try them on here," I said, sitting myself down on a chair, "in size 6, please." "Size 6? We have sizes 34 to 42." Suddenly, I remembered that sizing on the continent is different to that in the UK. "I'm sorry, that would be size 39, please." I was happy to find that the shoes fitted perfectly.

§ 4. After shopping it was time to head for food I found myself back at the piazza to find Marco had already arrived. We made our way to his grandmother's home for lunch. She was waiting to greet us at the door. I could smell the aroma of home cooking. "I can't wait for the spaghetti Bolognese," I exclaimed.

§ 5. Grandma looked confused. "Spaghetti? In Bologna, we never serve spaghetti with Bolognese sauce. We use thick pasta like fettuccine or tagliatelle." Smiling, Marco said, "I told you you'd be surprised. Bolognese sauce might be eaten with spaghetti all over the world, but never in Bologna!" I must say, Grandma's Bolognese was perfect. It had been a lovely day with smart new shoes, great company and delicious food. I could hardly complain!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

The writer says that Bolognese

1) is made in a particular way in Bologna.
2) is a very traditional dish.
3) doesn't always include the same ingredients.
37.  
i

§ 1. While having lunch in an expensive restaurant, I tasted the wine I had ordered. I thought it might be spoiled, so I called the wine waiter. He was most unpleasant at the mere suggestion that something might be wrong. Unwillingly he tasted the wine  — and immediately apologized and brought another bottle. That's what I call power!' said my guest, but it helped that I knew I was right. As the customer, you have considerable rights.

§ 2. If a restaurant fails to provide a table you have booked, they will have broken their contract with you and you can politely threaten to take them to court for the cost of a spoiled evening. They will then usually find you a table. On the other hand, if you let them down, they can take you to court for lost business. In one case, a company booked a table for one o'clock for five people at a popular restaurant, then called to cancel at 1.35 p.m. on the day, saying their client did not want to eat. When the company refused to pay up, the restaurant owner took them to court and won: the judge decided that, since it was too late to re-book the table, the company should pay for the loss of profit on the meal.

§ 3. The menu is a vital legal document. The price should be included, together with the tax (налог), and the restaurant can be fined for not displaying it outside or immediately inside the door, so that customers know in advance what they are committing themselves to. It is illegal for any establishment to give a false description of their food. Everything must be what it claims to be: fresh fruit salad must consist only of fresh, not tinned, fruit; Welsh lamb must be an animal born or raised in Wales.

§ 4. You cannot rely on getting bread and butter free. A restaurant is allowed to make a cover charge  — which relates to linen, tableware, salt and pepper, Sauces and items like bread or olives  — provided it appears on the menu by the door.

§ 5. If the food is not cooked to your satisfaction, you can insist on the restaurant taking it back and supplying what you ordered. If it gives you food poisoning, the restaurant is obliged to pay for the suffering and inconvenience provided you have been to your doctor. If the food is not up to a reasonable standard for the money, you can either send it back or pay less than the bill demands. If you do not pay the full price, give your name, address and proof of identity so that you cannot be arrested for leaving without paying.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

What does the writer say about table bookings?

1) Even if a table is not being used, the restaurant may not let you have it.
2) Restaurants cannot take you to court if you cancel a booking by phone.
3) If you do not use a booked table you may still have to pay something.
38.  
i

§ 1. Ask a biologist what the most intelligent creatures are on Earth, and they'll probably come up with a fairly similar list: larger mammals such as horses, dogs, dolphins, pigs, the great apes as well as some birds like crows and ravens. But now some scientists believe that one of the most intelligent beings on Earth is in fact the octopus  — which doesn't belong to any of these groups.

§ 2. Every schoolchild knows that octopuses have eight legs and can shoot ink while trying to escape from enemies. But there are many other unusual things about octopuses. For example, if an octopus loses a leg, it can grow a new one. It also has three hearts and complex eyes, which seem to belong to a mammal rather than a Sea creature. Octopuses also seem to be experts at escaping  — they have extremely soft, flexible bodies and can escape through holes not much bigger than their eyes.

§ 3. However, even until quite recently, little was known about octopus intelligence. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, octopuses usually live at the bottom of river mouths and seas - areas which are not attractive to researchers. Secondly, they are not social animals so it can be difficult to study their interaction with others. Perhaps most importantly, octopus intelligence is not easy for humans to understand. Octopuses seem like strangers. Scientists need to have a lot of imagination to be able to understand what an octopus is thinking!

§ 4. In the 1950s, the US Air Force sponsored scientists to study the way octopuses use their brains. They hoped that they could use this knowledge to help them build better computers. However, their brains were so complex that the scientists quickly gave up. And even today the octopus brain is a mystery. Octopuses have a very complex nervous system and recent research suggests that they have some of their intelligence inside each arm, which means that each arm can 'think' for itself. It also appears that they have good memories, perhaps similar to a cat's. Some Octopuses in laboratories seem to play with objects as if they were toys  — a sure sign of intelligence. Others could pick up complicated skills like opening jars.

§ 5. Perhaps the most striking thing about octopuses is their ability to change their colour and body pattern. They do this to camouflage themselves and also to communicate with others. They can completely change their appearance in less than a second. A scientist once observed an octopus that changed its appearance nearly 1,000 times during seven hours of feeding!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

An octopus's eye is

1) rather unusual for a mammal.
2) rather unusual for a creature that lives in the sea.
3) not very complicated.
39.  
i

§ 1. 'Hollywood' is a household name. This small district is the centre of the American film industry and the source of over 2.6 billion yearly cinema ticket sales. Most of the films we watch come straight out of Hollywood. But have you ever heard of 'Bollywood'? It is the name given to the Hindi language film industry based in Mumbai, India. Contrary to popular belief, it far outperforms Hollywood. Last year alone, over 1000 films were produced and 4 billion cinema tickets were sold, showing that Indian cinema is far more powerful than people think.

§ 2. Many likely Bollywood fans are often concerned that they will not be able to understand the language used in the films. But there is no need to worry. Although the scripts have historically been written in Hindi, more and more films use the English language, showing India's respect for the languages that make up its culture. You will also find that most films come with English language subtitles.

§ 3. So what do you get out of a Bollywood film? It is difficult to define a film as belonging to a certain category, because there is no such thing as a typical Bollywood film. The plots can focus on the drama of a love triangle, but they can also be packed with laugh-out-loud comedy or edge-of-your-seat action. The only guarantee is that a Bollywood film won't end without several catchy song and dance routines.

§ 4. Many Bollywood films are over three hours long. Some people might think that this is too long, but there is a good explanation. The film companies say the aim is to give you, the audience, your 'money's worth'. If you are going to spend good money on a ticket, the film should be really exciting.

§ 5. There is no shortage of aspiring young actors and actresses hoping to get a role in the next blockbuster. Big shot movie producers and casting agents are always looking out for new talent. India has its own Brad Pitts and Angelina Jolies  — spectacular actors who ensure you have a truly enjoyable viewing experience!

§ 6. Shilpa Shetty is the perfect example of a Bollywood megastar. A picture of beauty and raw acting talent, she has achieved success beyond the borders of India, most notably in the UK following her appearance on the 'Celebrity Big Brother' TV series. Since then she has turned down roles in several British TV shows. Instead, she has returned to Mumbai and continues to shoot films in the land that made her a star.

§ 7. Once you get into Bollywood, you'll never want to stop watching.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

What reason does the writer give for the length of the films?

1) To ensure good value for money.
2) To provide a complex plot.
3) To get bigger audiences.
40.  
i

Everyone, whatever their age, can share in the joy and fulfillment of learning, as June Weatherall found out.

§ 1. When I first retired, I thought I'd love spending more time on the gardening, needlework, and other creative activities I'd found so relaxing after my demanding job. But it didn't turn out that way. I found that I didn't want, or need, that kind of relaxation anymore, I wanted to stimulate my mind instead.

§ 2. So, with a couple of friends, I went along to an art appreciation evening class at our local regional college. It was wonderful, but only lasted a year. At the end, I asked my tutor, "What next?' He suggested I attend his history of art access course. "Whatever's that?' I asked. The college had an open evening coming up, so I went along to find out. A full-time access course takes one year and gives you access to university if, like me, you left school without any qualifications, and it's free if you do it full-time. I only wanted to do the art history bit.

§ 3. Lyn, who organises the courses for the college, was enthusiastic. "Why don't you do the whole course? You could start in the spring term with art history, do another module in the summer, then go full-time in the autumn and do all the subjects." It sounded wonderful, but wasn't I a bit old, at 63, to start being a student? A definite 'no'. One of the students that year was 82. That decided it. It must be worth having a go.

§ 4. The art history part of the course, which I've just completed, was stimulating. The tutors are enthusiasts and infect us all with their enjoyment of the subjects they teach. "Lively' would be the word to describe the classes. My fellow students, who are also doing subjects like psychology, maths, biology, etc., are good company. They're mainly people in their thirties with children, taking a second bite at the educational cherry.

§ 5. We have homework and have to do an essay each term for each subject, and sit exams. For art history, we had to produce a journal about all the painters we'd learnt about  — which was fun, but rather time-consuming. Occasionally, I envy the more typical mature students, who just do courses for fun and don't have to do exams or essays, but really I'm a very happy lady. There are drawbacks, however. The main one is you have to make a commitment. During term time, you can't just drop everything and go out for the day if the sun shines  — one of the supposed joys of retirement.

§ 6. Will I go on to university if I'm successful? I'll see how next year goes. Meanwhile, exercising my brain cells is working well for me. I feel alive. The garden's getting a bit out of control, but that's the least of my worries!

Опре­де­ли­те зна­че­ние ука­зан­но­го слова в тек­сте.

 

a go (§ 3)

1) a try
2) a prize
3) a trick
41.  
i

§ 1. Ask a biologist what the most intelligent creatures are on Earth, and they'll probably come up with a fairly similar list: larger mammals such as horses, dogs, dolphins, pigs, the great apes as well as some birds like crows and ravens. But now some scientists believe that one of the most intelligent beings on Earth is in fact the octopus  — which doesn't belong to any of these groups.

§ 2. Every schoolchild knows that octopuses have eight legs and can shoot ink while trying to escape from enemies. But there are many other unusual things about octopuses. For example, if an octopus loses a leg, it can grow a new one. It also has three hearts and complex eyes, which seem to belong to a mammal rather than a Sea creature. Octopuses also seem to be experts at escaping  — they have extremely soft, flexible bodies and can escape through holes not much bigger than their eyes.

§ 3. However, even until quite recently, little was known about octopus intelligence. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, octopuses usually live at the bottom of river mouths and seas - areas which are not attractive to researchers. Secondly, they are not social animals so it can be difficult to study their interaction with others. Perhaps most importantly, octopus intelligence is not easy for humans to understand. Octopuses seem like strangers. Scientists need to have a lot of imagination to be able to understand what an octopus is thinking!

§ 4. In the 1950s, the US Air Force sponsored scientists to study the way octopuses use their brains. They hoped that they could use this knowledge to help them build better computers. However, their brains were so complex that the scientists quickly gave up. And even today the octopus brain is a mystery. Octopuses have a very complex nervous system and recent research suggests that they have some of their intelligence inside each arm, which means that each arm can 'think' for itself. It also appears that they have good memories, perhaps similar to a cat's. Some Octopuses in laboratories seem to play with objects as if they were toys  — a sure sign of intelligence. Others could pick up complicated skills like opening jars.

§ 5. Perhaps the most striking thing about octopuses is their ability to change their colour and body pattern. They do this to camouflage themselves and also to communicate with others. They can completely change their appearance in less than a second. A scientist once observed an octopus that changed its appearance nearly 1,000 times during seven hours of feeding!

Опре­де­ли­те зна­че­ние ука­зан­но­го слова в тек­сте.

 

attractive (§ 3)

1) interesting
2) lovely
3) impressed
42.  
i

1.  Margherita Taylor is the only female presenter at Capital Radio, one of London's top music radio stations. She got into radio while she was a student in Birmingham. Along with hundreds of other hopefuls, she and a friend queued for hours in the rain to take part in a 'Search for a Star' competition held by a local radio station, BRMB. "I had to read a travel script and a weather script, talk about myself for a minute, then introduce a record." Within days the phone call came to say that her voice had earned her a regular show on BRMB. Truly the stuff dreams are made of. After working there for 18 months, she was offered a job with Capital.

2.  Margherita claims never to get nervous before a show. "You can't get nervous because then you make mistakes, she says. Of course, there has been the odd disaster. "For instance, when I did my first live concert show at BRMB, I'd only done one programme. In front of a crowd of 50,000, I went on stage to introduce a certain well-known singer. I said: "Please welcome our next performer. You know her best for hits like." Then I just went blank. There was this silence from the crowd, and for the life of me I couldn't think what she'd sung. That's one occasion that will stay with me for ever."

3.  Margherita says that her own musical tastes are varied. But she doesn't pick her own music for the show. The Capital computer selects the records in advance from a list approved by the station managers. "The station has a certain sound, and if we all picked our own music, it wouldn't sound like Capital," she says."But for someone who likes music, this is a dream job. I get to go to concerts and meet the bands you can hear on my show. It's great to hear the "behind the scenes"gossip."

4.  Most people would expect that a presenter's most important qualities are a nice voice and huge amounts of confidence, but Margherita says that basic maths is handy as well. "You have to make sure that you've got an eye on everything that's going on in the studio, but you've got to be able to add and subtract and think in minutes and seconds," she says. "You're dealing with timed records, and you have to be ready to switch to the news at exactly the right second. If you're going over to a live event, you need to be ready for that on time, not a second earlier or later."

5.  Margherita Taylor is very nice and very easy-going, but very much in control. She is so much a "Capital Radio girl" that you might think she is just doing a good job for the station's publicity department, although you know what she's saying really comes from the heart. She smiles a lot, laughs a lot and is generally a great advert for Capital.

Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ва­ри­ант пе­ре­во­да (1, 2 или 3) в со­от­вет­ствии с со­дер­жа­ни­ем тек­ста.

 

She Smiles a lot, laughs a lot and is generally a great advert for Capital. (5)

1) Она много улы­ба­ет­ся и сме­ет­ся, и в целом она фанат ра­дио­стан­ции «Кэпи­тал».
2) Она часто улы­ба­ет­ся и сме­ет­ся и все время вос­хи­ща­ет­ся ра­дио­стан­ци­ей «Кэни­тал»
3) Она часто улы­ба­ет­ся, много сме­ет­ся, и во­об­ще она пре­крас­ная ре­кла­ма для ра­дио­стан­ции «Кэпи­тал».
43.  
i

When you first meet Beatrice Smythe, you are struck by her wonderful smile and her well-toned muscles.

'Performing on stage is one of the most exciting experiences possible. All the nerves and fright you feel in the wings just melt away when you face the audience. Although you are aware of a sea of faces watching you, this is not what you concentrate on. (1)___ If you focus on this, then your dancing will look natural and unforced.'

So how did Beatrice get started? 'I began taking ballet lessons in a local school when I was six. My teachers felt I had talent but after 11 years of ballet, I realised I wanted to do something different. (2)___ That was it! I had never seen dancing like this before and immediately decided it was for me. The following year I was offered a place at a London contemporary dance school where I completed a three-year course.'

Today Beatrice is a permanent member of the Charmed Circle Dance Company. But was it a difficult transition from studies to career? 'I was warned that the competition would be fierce. (3)___ Applying for even the smallest part meant auditioning with dozens of others. Finally, I was lucky enough to be offered a trial period of one year with Charmed Circle, even though it meant working without pay. It was an extremely difficult period, as you can imagine.'

'I could have been tempted to join other dance companies on a temporary basis doing one-off paid performances. But this would have meant missing out on the chance to become part of the regular line-up of what is now one of Britain's leading contemporary dance companies.' (4) ___ But Beatrice's ultimate ambition is to make it to America, where the ideas behind contemporary dance were first pioneered and developed.

When asked about what it takes to become a dancer, Beatrice didn't hesitate. 'You have to love what you're doing, you have to keep pushing yourself to the limit and you have to be slightly mad, tool (5) ___ Most dancers will tell you how physically painful daily training can be. You also have to be extremely self-motivated'

So what does Beatrice particularly enjoy about contemporary dance?"Well, for one thing, contemporary movements are so different from those in other types of dance. In ballet, for example, the movements are strictly structured and you have to stick to them. In contemporary dance, however, the movements are more expressive and each have individual meanings in themselves. (6) ___ This makes them very moving experiences both to perform and to watch.'

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Then a contemporary dance company who were on tour staged a performance in our town, which I went to see.

2  — For this reason, I feel inspired to try having a similar job myself someday.

3  — What matters is using the act of moving as a means of expressing yourself.

4  — In London, there are literally thousands of highly talented performing artists of all kinds.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
44.  
i

Wayback in 1828, the world's first modern police force was created by Sir Robert Peel. The Metropolitan Police Force of London made its home at the famous Scotland Yard and quickly became the model for police forces around the world. But it would be another decade before the Detective Branch of Scotland Yard was set up. This branch later became the Criminal Investigation Department (commonly known as C.I.D) and to this day remains the main police department in Britain responsible for major crime investigation.

Becoming a plain clothes detective in the C.I.D is no easy task. Firstly, a police officer needs to have served for at least two years as a uniformed officer. (1)___ Once this period has been completed the officer can then apply to go to a detective training school. However, there's no guarantee they will be accepted.

In order to become a detective, an officer needs to possess a wide range of skills and qualities, the most obvious being complete honesty and good character. They also need to be highly observant and to have good judgement. (2)___ An officer with all these skills could more than likely find themselves being accepted to train as a detective. Most of these "detectives-to-be' discover that the really hard work begins once they get to the training school. (3)___ For instance, they will have to learn about psychology, which will come in handy when they are questioning suspects and witnesses. Perhaps the most difficult subjects though deal with learning all about the modem scientific methods now used in crime detection.

Once our future Sherlocks have completed their initial training, they begin life as detective constables and start working on unsolved crime cases in the C.I.D. Most of the work they do is not nearly as glamorous as it seems on TV and in novels. (4)___ Not exactly exciting, but essential duties all the same.

Apart from having to do painstaking investigative work, detectives also have a lot of paperwork to deal with. (5)___ Every detail of a crime and its investigation must be recorded. Most detectives find the amount of clerical work they have to do the most frustrating part of their job.

Nonetheless, it can be a very rewarding job; a detective gets great satisfaction knowing they have solved a major crime. However, a detective's job is still not over after a suspect has been arrested and charged. (6)___ Only when the offender is actually behind bars is the detective's goal achieved. Then there's always the next case to tackle, of course.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов. Один фраг­мент яв­ля­ет­ся лиш­ним.

 

1  — There the officers receive intensive instruction in all areas related to solving major crime.

2  — In fact, it is nothing like it used to be.

3  — Last but not least, a high degree of patience is an absolute must as, believe it or not, crime investigation can often be a very lengthy and boring process.

4  — During this time, the officer learns all the basics of general police work.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
45.  
i

It was back in 1995, when my husband Eric was working as a rubbish collector for the local town council, that I first got the idea of recycling clothes. He would frequently find bags of perfectly good clothes just thrown into the rubbish. I wondered if I would be able to do something with them which would make money for me and perhaps even help the community at the same time. I decided to give it a try.

The first thing I did was to place an advertisement in the newspaper inviting people in the neighbourhood to bring me their second-hand clothing, shoes and bedding instead of throwing them away. Within a week, our garage was bursting with black plastic bags. (1)___ This kept me busy for weeks.

At the same time, I was also looking for a shop to rent where I could sell these items. (2)___ But it wasn't until I contacted Adventure, an organisation which helps people to set up their own businesses, that I finally got the assistance I needed. They helped me find the right shop and gave me advice about getting a business loan to get me started. That's how Second Best was born.

For my idea to work, I was going to need a steady supply of clothes. The town council already had recycling bins for paper, glass and the like. (3)___ I was able to make arrangements to have the clothes collected and brought to my shop, where I had installed laundry facilities to cope with all the washloads I needed to do!

It wasn't only making money in the shop that interested me, though. I was still eager for the community to benefit from my idea, too, so I started to find ways that the large quantities of very old or damaged clothing that I couldn't sell in the shop could be put to use. (4)___ Some of the old clothing is now turned into bandages for hospitals, for example, while one school in the area asks for old jeans to make into lunch bags.

Adventure believes in encouraging people by giving an annual Special Merit Award to the most successful new business they have helped. (5)___ Not only had I helped so many others, they said, but I had also had to overcome a difficulty. In 2000, my shop had been destroyed by fire and I had had to start the business all over again from Scratch.

Getting back on track wasn't easy. Not only did I have to search for another shop to rent, but I also had to spend time building up new stocks of clothes, as nearly all of the original stock had been destroyed. (6)___ Otherwise, I would have been forced to call it a day.

Today, twelve years after I first started up, Second Best is a very successful small business.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — I think the most valuable piece of advice I can give them is never to throw anything away.

2  — The contents had to be washed, ironed and sorted.

3  — Eric and I managed to persuade them to provide ones for clothes, too.

4  — You might think this would be a relatively easy task.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
46.  
i

1. Stacey

I had lessons in Hindi at a local language school. Unfortunately the only class available at my level was late in the evening. So after a long day at school, and then all the written homework we have to do, I didn't have a lot of energy left for language learning. Also, some of my classmates were much older than me and I didn't really get to know them. But that didn't matter because whenever we did group activities, which I'd never done before, but took to straight away, I made sure I was with the younger ones. I was having lessons every evening and that was costing my parents quite a lot, but we'd booked to go to India later that year so there was no time to lose.

2. Chloe

I really want to learn Polish so I bought a course of language lessons as an MP3 to play on my iPod. That meant I could work on it anywhere I went, particularly at those times when you've got nothing to do, like standing at the bus stop. Once I was concentrating so hard on getting a grammar point right that I completely forgot I was on the bus and I started repeating restaurant phrases aloud. I felt a bit uncomfortable when I noticed everyone looking at me, so I didn't do that again. Actually, one problem with learning on my own was not knowing when I was saying words properly and when I wasn't. Overall, though, it was a useful course and I think it was good value for money.

3. Amy

I used the Internet to improve my Spanish. It cost nothing, of course, and although at first I didn't know quite where to look, in the end I came across some great websites where I could practise reading and listening and do grammar exercises. At the same time, I was joining social networking sites and getting in touch with Spanish-speaking teenagers from various parts of the world. I also tried online chat in Spanish, but I couldn't keep up with people. All the time I was thinking about my grammar and it was taking me so long to reply to each sentence after I'd read it that I didn't think it was fair on them, so I gave up. I'll try again sometime, though.

4. Laura

I was living with an English-speaking family and the idea was that I'd pick up a lot of language by being there with them, but it just wasn't happening. Everyone watched television all the time and rarely spoke to me. After a week I left and moved in with a couple who had young children, and that was better. They were all very friendly and I could chat with them anytime, really. When I got things wrong they would often correct me and I think that helped me improve my speaking a lot. I would also have liked to be nearer the city centre, because the house was so far out of town that I couldn't get to the kinds of places where other teenagers went in the evenings.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты. От­веть­те на во­про­сы. Вы­бе­ри­те номер тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

Which person was unable to write quickly enough?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
47.  
i

1. Alice Chan, 29

Not having a clear idea what career path to take, I opted for something I knew my parents would approve of - in my case, advertising. It couldn't have been a more glamorous job, dining with clients in Smart restaurants, jetting around the world to film ads. But I just couldn't be myself. So one day I just handed in my notice and retrained as a social worker, working with kids from disadvantaged families. And I've never looked back. It's meant a huge drop in my income but it's a sacrifice I'm happy to make for the sake of doing something worthwhile.

2. Jon Golding, 32

I used to work for an IT firm. I was never interested in progressing within the company but I was too scared to let go of the guaranteed income. I was a keen guitarist in my spare time. One day I was on holiday with a group of friends and we were chatting about our dreams. That was a turning point for me and I came home and enrolled on an evening course in guitar-making. I quit my job, converted my garage into a studio and set up my own business building guitars. My company is now one of the UK's leading guitar-builders. Needless to say, I haven't regretted my decision for a moment

3. Felix Mason, 34

I wanted to do something useful with my life and my dad was a science teacher so I decided to follow in his footsteps. But it turned out to be a thankless job. I was putting all my energy into it but getting very little back, apart from increasing demands from managers and parents. Finally, after 10 years, I quit. I was quite keen on writing. So I took on a very junior role as assistant editor for a technology magazine. After just three months, I was made editor, and four years on, I'm publisher of the magazine. Much as I miss the students, office life suits me far better. Being able to just get up and get a coffee whenever you want is amazing. You can't do that when you're teaching until the bell goes.

4. Debbie Fielding, 27

I'd been working as a veterinary nurse and the routine nature of the job was starting to get to me. I didn't get on with my boss, so when I was made redundant last year it came as quite a relief. I'd often dreamt of starting a company which provides specially trained animals to the film industry and it seemed like the right moment to give it ago. So I retrained and researched the opportunities available to me. It's taken a while to get the business up and running. I'm building up client contacts slowly and I expect things to take off properly within the next few months.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты. От­веть­те на во­про­сы. Вы­бе­ри­те номер тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

Which person had a bad relationship with his/her previous employer?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
48.  
i

Like most tourists, I enjoy taking photographs on holiday and can't wait to show them to friends and family when I get back. But whilst for me they represent treasured memories, to others they are more often than not simply a collection of boring, badly composed, out of focus pictures. So this year I decided to do something about this by booking myself on a trip to Rome which included photography lessons.

The first time I went to Rome, I remember thinking that it was a photographer's paradise with a fantastic photo opportunity lying around every corner. (1)___ Added to this was the fact that there were crowds of tourists everywhere, blocking all the best views. But this second time things were different. Antonio, my photography tutor, was on hand to give expert advice every step of the way.

The first thing Antonio told our group was that the secret to creating a good photographic image rather than just a snapshot is to first take a long look at what you want to photograph. For example, he said, you should consider the background just as much as you do the subject. (2)___ You can get unwanted figures out of your image simply by getting down on your knees to take a picture, for instance, or changing the angle of the shot.

Our first port of call was Piazza Navona, where Antonio gave us advice about how to photograph the Fountain of Neptune. (3)___ Then, he added that we should take the photo with the fountain slightly off centre.

Next, we headed off to the Pantheon, which was originally an ancient Roman temple. Along the way, I took the opportunity to photograph anything that caught my eye. The Pantheon itself is so huge that it is impossible to take a good photograph of the whole thing. (4)___ I tried out this technique by lying down on the floor and taking a picture of just one section of the great domed ceiling. I was pretty pleased with the results.

For the next couple of hours, we wandered around the historic centre visiting many of Rome's architectural highlights. (5)___ And I felt that I was really able to appreciate the sights as I had to look at each one so carefully in order to get good pictures.

We finished off our first morning tour with a stop at a traditional Roman street café. After all the hard work and walking I'd done, a large Italian ice cream seemed like the perfect reward! (6)___ It felt like a whole new world had opened up to me. I learnt an incredible amount over the next two days, as well as having a thoroughly enjoyable time in one of the world's most beautiful cities.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — I didn't get at all tired, even though I was on my feet for such a long time.

2  — According to Antonio, however, it's much better to try to find one interesting detail.

3  — Afterwards, feeling refreshed, I spent the rest of the afternoon alone practising my new skills.

4  — It just goes to show that it is not the equipment that counts but how you use it.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
49.  
i

Britain rightly has the (1) ... of being a safe place and street crime is fortunately not common. However, it is still (2) ... for tourists to take some precautions (меры предо­сто­рож­но­сти). Pickpockets may operate in crowded areas so make sure that you keep cameras and any other valuable things in a safe place. Experts recommend that passports and tickets should preferably be kept under your clothes in a money belt, perhaps. You must, of course, be particularly (3) ... at night. Be sure to take advice from local people. If they tell you a certain area is (4) ... at night, then don't go there.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

 

SAFE, CARE, REPUTE, SENSE

50.  
i

Kabuki is a traditional Japanese performing art that involves the telling of a story through song and dance. It was created in the early 1600s by a female dancer who performed in (1) ... ceremonies and (2) ... gained popularity with Japan's lower social classes. The performers wear colourful costumes and thick makeup and sing and dance to the accompaniment of a (3) ... of instruments. It's a truly (4) ... cultural experience!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

 

VARY FORGET, QUICK, RELIGION

51.  
i

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

 

POPULAR, EASY, RELY, SAFE

52.  
i

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

 

POPULAR, EASY, RELY, SAFE

53.  
i

Many young people nowadays are pessimistic about the future. The pessimists see that the world is getting (1) ... and more crowded. As a result, it is becoming more difficult to find work; even though people (2) ... their best to go to university, they are not sure they will be lucky (3) ... to find a job afterwards.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

54.  
i

Many young people dream about a career in modelling. However, few of them realise exactly what it is like to be a professional model. It is (1) ... all glamour and riches. Only a (2) ... hopeful youngsters actually make it as professionals. (3) ... can be very hurtful to be told that you don't have (4) ... is needed.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

55.  
i

The Ryder Cup is a famous golf tournament and it is now (1) ... of the biggest events in sport. Tickets regularly sell out within hours after going on sale. (2) ... makes it different from other golf tournaments is that it involves teams rather (3) ... individuals, with Europe competing against the USA. (4) ... is no prize money, but emotions run high. The players enjoy experiencing again the original feelings that made them take up the sport in the first place.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

56.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­пи­ши­те по два лиш­них слова в по­ряд­ке их предъ­яв­ле­ния в тек­сте.

 

I was sitting in my taxi reading the morning newspaper when the alarm in the bank across it the street went off. I looked up and saw two masked men who running towards me.

57.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­пи­ши­те по два лиш­них слова в по­ряд­ке их предъ­яв­ле­ния в тек­сте.

 

Perhaps the most useful and convenient of all domestic appliances it is the microwave oven. You do not need to be a skilful cook or a technological genius how to operate one, and you can produce extremely tasty meals at the touch of a button.

58.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

I saw Jane the (на днях) day.

59.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

Where (ещё) did you go besides the zoo?

60.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

It (имеет) sense to listen to your doctor's advice.